How Datasets Connect¶

The datasets in this archive use different geographic coding schemes, time periods, and units of observation. This page explains how they fit together.

The Master District Panel¶

The core geographic unit is the magisterial district — 279 administrative areas that were stable from roughly 1960-1990. The panel-building scripts in shared_resources/scripts/panel_builders/ assemble a master district-year panel by joining:

Master Roster (279 districts, time-invariant)
  ├── Agricultural Census (employment, wages, mechanization by year)
  ├── TEBA Recruiting (mine recruit counts by year)
  ├── Population (race composition by census year)
  ├── Forced Removals (cumulative removal counts)
  └── Geography Controls (ag suitability, policy implementation dates)
      ↓
Master District Panel (district × year)

Run the pipeline:

cd shared_resources/scripts/panel_builders
make all    # builds everything in dependency order + validates

District ID Systems¶

Different datasets use different numbering for the same 279 districts:

System	Ordering	Used By	Example
`district_id`	Geographic (1=Namaqualand, 2=Calvinia, ...)	Agricultural census, geography panel	1-279
`distid`	Alphabetical (1=Aberdeen, 2=Adelaide, ...)	TEBA panel	1-279

These are different numbers for the same districts. The crosswalk file crosswalk_teba_geography_panel.csv maps between them. The panel-building scripts handle this automatically.

Linking Elections to Districts¶

Electoral divisions don't map 1:1 to magisterial districts (urban areas had several divisions per district; large rural divisions spanned several districts). Each election is linked with the crosswalk for the delimitation in force:

Crosswalk (in `elections/`)	Delimitation	Elections covered
`crosswalk_1974_1966_chained/crosswalk_1966.csv`	12th (1965/66)	1966, 1970 (and, approximately, earlier elections)
`crosswalk_1974_1966_chained/crosswalk_1974.csv`	13th (1974)	1974, 1977
`crosswalk_1980_integrated/crosswalk_1980_integrated.csv`	14th (1980)	1981, 1987

Never link divisions across delimitations by name alone. See Geographic Crosswalks for how these were built and their limits.

Linking Strikes to Districts¶

Strike incidents have location strings (e.g., "Dunlop factory, Durban, Natal") but not standardized district codes. The strike panel builder (08_strike_panel.py) attempts to match location names to districts, but coverage is partial. Manual geocoding would improve this.

What Cannot Be Joined (Yet)¶

Dataset	Geographic Level	Why Not District-Level
Mining Census	Individual mine	Mines can be mapped to districts via `nrc_member_mines.csv` (17 districts with gold mines), but most mining data uses broad regions (OFS, Witwatersrand, etc.)
Manufacturing Census	Industrial region	Regions don't correspond to magisterial districts; no crosswalk exists
Manpower Survey	National (by sector)	No geographic disaggregation — sector × occupation × race only
Industrial Wages	Industry × area	"Areas" are bargaining council jurisdictions, not magisterial districts

Temporal Coverage¶

Not all datasets cover the same years. Here's where they overlap:

         1950  1955  1960  1965  1970  1975  1980  1985  1990  1995
Ag Census  ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■
TEBA            ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■
Population ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■
Elections  ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■
Strikes                          ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■
Manpower               ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■
Mining               ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■
Mfg Census ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■
Sanctions                                    ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■

The densest overlap is 1965-1985, when most datasets are available simultaneously.