| (ed.) et al. (1983) |
1980 Census data (population of Cape Peninsula by group) |
1960-1980 |
Used to compute group population shares and to estimate the proportion of each group resettled; the text notes the African and 'coloured' undercount. |
| (ed.) et al. (1987) |
Schedule of Local Authorities (Appendix 6), citing 1985 population census figures |
1985 |
Provides town populations, telephone numbers and town clerks for municipal privatisation candidates; the Editor warns of errors. |
| Abedian (1982) |
Department of Statistics population estimates and 1970 census; population projections |
1970-1980 |
Used to construct high, low and adjusted population series for per capita GDP and GNP. |
| Beinart (1982) |
Union Censuses of the Population 1911, 1921, 1936, 1946 and Agricultural Censuses 1918-39 |
1911-1946 |
Population, absentee numbers, ploughs, stock and crop estimates; migrancy rates. |
| Bell (1973) |
Population Census 1960, Sample Tabulation nos. 1, 2 and 5 |
1960 |
Regional distribution of economically active population for localisation coefficients. |
| Bromberger (1978) |
Population Census 1970 (economic activity and self-reported unemployment) |
1970 |
Anchors the Sadie and van der Merwe unemployment estimates (119 000 African males self-described as unemployed) and is criticised for classification deficiencies. |
| Bromberger (1978) |
Population Censuses 1946, 1951, 1960 and 1970 (employment and labour force) |
1946-1970 |
Knight uses the census years to estimate residual labour and underemployment over the long run; Simkins revises the 1960 census female homeland agriculture figures. |
| Budlender (1984) |
Population census (last census figure for African residents on the Kirkwood farm) |
c. 1980/1970s (unspecified 'last census') |
Cited to show a large African resident population (500) on the studied farm. |
| Carrillo et al. (2023a) |
1985 Census |
1985 |
Used to examine basic patterns of education among migrants from White areas, with only province/homeland of birth available. |
| Christopher (1982) |
Preliminary Census Statistics 1980 (South Africa, Department of Statistics, 1980) |
1980 (with comparisons to 1970) |
Provides the 1980 population by race and language group, the share of each black group living in its own state, and the white share of the population, used to assess the policy of separate development. |
| Christopher (1982) |
Unpublished census returns for 1980 from the South African Department of Statistics |
1980 |
Used for the 1980 ratio of whites to other groups (1:10.6) in white rural areas, compared with the 1921-1960 trend. |
| Christopher (1983b) |
Population censuses 1904, 1911, 1946, 1951 (White adult male population counts) |
1904-1951 |
1904 census adult White males used as initial apportionment basis; Cape's loss of White males 1904-1911 explains under-representation; Afrikaans urban majority between 1946 and 1951. |
| Christopher (1990) |
Published census reports: Report of the Census 1911 (U.G. 32-1912); Population Census 1921 (U.G. 15-1923); 1936 (U.G. 21-1938); 1951 (U.G. 42-1955); 1960 (R.P. 62-1963); 1970 (Report 02-05-01); 1985 (Report 02-85-01) |
1911-1985 |
Provide census urban totals used to show the study towns cover 74-91% of urban population and to compare enumerators' books with published returns (e.g. reclassifications in 1911). |
| Christopher (1991) |
Population Census 1985, Central Statistical Service |
1985 |
Supplies urban population by group to compute persons per proclaimed hectare (Table 2) and small-town community sizes. |
| Christopher (1994b) |
Population Census 1946 (South Africa 1954) |
1946 |
Used to map the percentage of the White population that was Afrikaans-speaking. |
| Christopher (1994b) |
Population Census 1951 (South Africa 1955), published returns |
1951 |
Basis for maps of the percentage of the population returned as White, Black, Asian and Coloured, and of Cape Malay population. |
| Christopher (2002a) |
Census of the Union of South Africa 1911 (UG32-1912) |
1911 |
Evidences the simplification to three categories and the acknowledgement that few pure-bred Hottentots remained. |
| Christopher (2002a) |
Census of the population 1921 (UG15-'23) |
1921 |
Evidences the introduction of the fourfold classification and the Asiatic category, linked to repatriation monitoring. |
| Christopher (2002a) |
Population census 1936 (UG21-1938) and 1946 (UG51-1949) |
1936, 1946 |
Used for the category names in Table 1 and the 1946 definition of European tied to the South Africa Act and Supreme Court decisions. |
| Christopher (2002a) |
Population census 1951 (UG42-1955) |
1951 |
Shows the fivefold division with Cape Malay separated, the 62 807 count, and household returns as classification reference point. |
| Christopher (2002a) |
Population census 1991 (Report 03-01-06) and 1996 (Report 03-01-19) |
1991, 1996 |
Shows the post-1991 shift to home language and that 99.1 per cent identified with apartheid categories in 1996. |
| Christopher (2002a) |
Population censuses 1960 (RP62-1963), 1970 (Report 02-05-01), 1980 (02-80-13) and 1985 (02-85-01) |
1960-1985 |
Shows reversion to fourfold groups, 'Bantu National Units' language tabulations and the shift in naming. |
| Christopher (2002b) |
Census of the Union of South Africa 1911 (UG32-1912) |
1911 |
Establishes the simplified threefold tabulation and the Hottentot and Indian sub-enumeration deemed unreliable. |
| Christopher (2002b) |
Census of the population 1921 (UG15-'23) |
1921 |
Documents the introduction of the fourfold division including Asiatic and the 'purely European descent' definition. |
| Christopher (2002b) |
Population census 1946 (UG51-1949) |
1946 |
Shows the legalistic definition of European in the census instructions. |
| Christopher (2002b) |
Population census 1951 (UG42-1955) |
1951 |
Provides the fivefold classification, the count of Cape Malay (62,807), and the reclassification of western Cape indigenous people as Native. |
| Christopher (2002b) |
Population census 1991 (Report 03-01-06) and The People of South Africa: population census 1996 (Report 03-01-19) |
1991, 1996 |
Used for the shift to a home language question and for the 1996 finding that 99.1 per cent identified with apartheid-era categories. |
| Christopher (2002b) |
Population censuses 1960, 1970, 1980, 1985 (RP62-1963; Reports 02-05-01, 02-80-13, 02-85-01) |
1960-1985 |
Shows the reversion to the fourfold grouping and the language-group/'Bantu National Units' tabulations tied to homeland policy. |
| Christopher (2002b) |
Table 1: census classification categories 1865-2001 (compiled from census reports) |
1865-2001 |
Tabulates the changing census category labels across all censuses. |
| Christopher (2009a) |
Census of the Union of South Africa 1911, report (UG32-1912) |
1911 |
Establishes the first Union census, with a full enumeration, a simplified three-fold race classification and no language question. |
| Christopher (2009a) |
Population Census 1951, Vol. I Geographical distribution (UG42-'55) |
1951 |
Used to show the 1951 census forming the basis of the population register under the Population Registration Act of 1950. |
| Christopher (2009a) |
Republic of South Africa population censuses 1970, 1980, 1985, 1991 (Reports 02-05-01, 02-80-01, 02-80-12, 02-85-01, 03-01-26, 03-01-22) |
1970-1991 |
Supplies the data on national units, territorial exclusions and citizenship (21.6% African citizens in 1980, 93.9% in 1991) used to argue census manipulation. |
| Christopher (2009a) |
Third Census of the Union 1921: Report (UG37-'24) and Part VIII, Non-European races (UG40-'24) |
1921 |
Shows racially separated questionnaires and reports in 1921, the new Indian group, and nationality responses by group. |
| Christopher (2009a) |
Union censuses 1936, 1946, 1951 and 1960 nationality volumes (UG24-'42, UG34-'54, 1960 Coloured and Asian families) |
1936-1960 |
Documents how the Indian nationality question changed (82% Indian (South African) in 1936, national origin in 1946, omitted in 1960). |
| Christopher (2009b) |
Census of the Union of South Africa 1911, report [UG32-1912] |
1911 |
Shows the first Union census, with a full enumeration, simplified three race groups and no language question. |
| Christopher (2009b) |
Population census 1951 (Vol. I [UG42-'55]; Vol. IV [UG34-'54]) |
1951 |
Shows that the census formed the basis of the population register under the Population Registration Act of 1950, and the director's statement on Indian classification. |
| Christopher (2009b) |
Population census 1960, Vol. 11 Part 2, Coloured and Asian families |
1960 |
Shows that nationality was omitted from the Indian questionnaire in 1960. |
| Christopher (2009b) |
Republic of South Africa population censuses 1970, 1980, 1985, 1991 (Reports 02-05-01, 02-80-01, 02-80-12, 02-85-01, 03-01-22, 03-01-26) |
1970-1991 |
Shows the Bantu national unit classification, territorial exclusion of independent bantustans, citizenship results (21.6% in 1980, 93.9% in 1991) and the White share of population (17.5% in 1970, 16.8% in 1991). |
| Christopher (2009b) |
Sixth census 1936 (Vol. IV Languages [UG44-'38]; Vol. V Birthplaces, residence and nationality [UG24-'42]) |
1936 |
Supplies the bilingualism (64%) and nationality figures (98% South African; Indian 82% South African, 17% British). |
| Christopher (2009b) |
Third census of the Union 1921 (Report [UG37-'24]; Part VIII Non-European races [UG40-'24]) |
1921 |
Shows the 1921 racial basis, with separate questionnaires and reports per race group and a new Indian category. |
| Cobbett and Nakedi (1987) |
1970 population census (rural area surrounding Bloemfontein) |
1970 |
Shows less than 11% of the rural population around Bloemfontein was white, indicating reliance on black farm labour. |
| Cornell (1960) |
1936 and 1946 census/survey data on Coloured language and religion |
1936, 1946 |
Used to show Coloured assimilation to European culture (Afrikaans home language, Christianity). |
| Crankshaw (1996) |
Population Census occupational categories (as used by Wolpe, Davies, Nolutshungu, Charney) |
1960-1970s |
Critiqued as too broad (eight occupational groups) to measure African advancement and the basis of divergent middle-class estimates. |
| Davenport (1969) |
Union censuses 1911, 1936, 1951, 1960 (as tabulated by the author); urban African population 1921 and 1936 |
1911-1960 |
Table showing white majorities replaced by African majorities in large towns; also the urban African total rising from 587,000 (1921) to 1,150,000 (1936). |
| De Kiewiet (1941) |
Union censuses (1904, 1911, 1918, 1921, 1931, 1936) |
1904-1936 |
Documents urbanization, rural white decline, native urban share and natives outside native areas. |
| De Klerk (1984b) |
RSA Department of Statistics, Population Census 1980, Geographical Distribution of Population, Sample Tabulations, Report 02-80-01, Table 4.1 |
1980 |
District shares of rural black population to test the sample's representativeness of families. |
| De Klerk (1984c) |
Population censuses 1951, 1960, 1970 and 1980 (black rural population in five Western Transvaal districts) |
1951-1980 |
Shows black rural population growing 1951-70 then falling 4 per cent in 1970-80, interpreted as outflow linked to mechanization. |
| Di McIntyre et al. (1995) |
Central Statistical Service (1993c) Population Census 1991: Geographic distribution of the Population |
1991 |
Urban/rural population distribution and magisterial-district population base. |
| Engel (1999) |
South African population censuses (1911, 1936, 1946, 1951, 1960, 1980, 1985, 1991) |
1911–1991 |
Used as population base to compute registered voters and turnout as % of population. |
| Fedderke and Simkins (2004) |
1921, 1936 and 1946 population censuses (employment data) |
1921-1946 |
Used to compute labour absorption rates for Whites, Coloureds and Asians in 1921 and 1946, and the economically active white population in 1936. |
| Fedderke and Simkins (2004) |
1951 Census (African labour force participation rate) |
1951 (applied to 1938) |
The participation rate is applied to the 1938 population to show that the 1937 committee underestimated the size of the African labour force. |
| Fedderke and Simkins (2004) |
1960 Population Census (educational attainment by birth cohort) |
cohorts born 1885-1970 |
Establishes average years of education by race for birth cohorts and the educational attainment gap. |
| Feinberg (1993) |
Census of 1911 (as reproduced in Thompson, The Unification of South Africa) |
1911 |
Provides population totals by race and province to describe the African majority and Free State demography. |
| Giliomee and Schlemmer (1985) |
1980 population census (urban-rural distribution and metropolitan area populations) |
1980 |
Establishes the extent of black urbanisation and metropolitan concentration. |
| Giliomee and Schlemmer (1985) |
Population censuses 1970 and 1980 (via Smit and Kok 1981, HSRC), Eastern Cape/Ciskei districts |
1970-1980 |
Net migration estimates by district show outflow from white areas and inflow to Ciskei. |
| Goldin (1984) |
Population Censuses 1904-1970 for the Cape Peninsula (magisterial districts of Cape Town, Wynberg, Simonstown, Bellville) |
1904-1970 |
Shows population growth and changing racial composition of the Peninsula (Table 3). |
| Greenberg (1987) |
1970 population census (as used by P J van der Merwe) |
1970 |
Basis of van der Merwe's 'minimum' estimates of unemployment on white farms, in urban areas and in the bantustans. |
| Hindson (1978) |
South African population censuses of 1960 and 1970 |
1960, 1970 |
Provide the definition of the economically active labour force and labour-supply data; their unemployment counts are judged unreliable, so unemployment is derived as labour supply minus employment. |
| Hoffman and Todd (2000) |
1991 population census (population density and rural share, Central Statistical Services) |
1991 |
Provides population density and the '% rural' classification used as demographic predictors. |
| Horrell et al. (1972) |
Department of Statistics news release 18 August 1971 (age distribution) and preliminary 1970 census educational attainment figures |
1970 |
Gives age structure of Whites, Coloureds, Asians and educational standards attained and African literacy. |
| Houghton and Dagut (1973) |
Census of 1921 (and earlier censuses) population and literacy figures |
1904, 1911, 1918, 1921 |
Used by Mills and Henderson for the native population size, literacy and local population changes. |
| Houghton and Dagut (1973) |
Census of 1926 occupational data and school questionnaires (as used by Carnegie Commission) |
1926; 1929/30 |
Used to estimate that 220,000-300,000 whites were poor or very poor. |
| Houghton and Dagut (n.d.) |
Census 1911 Report (U.G. 32-1912), Tables 1-5 and Part V Occupations |
7 May 1911 (with 1904 comparisons) |
Provides population by race and province and occupation classes in 1911. |
| Katzen (1962) |
1960 Population Census (African population of the Western Cape area, 118,000 of 1,200,000) |
1960 |
Establishes the African population of the Western Cape area (118,000, under 10% of total; 75,000 in Greater Cape Town districts). |
| Kerby (2014) |
Population censuses 1970, 1980 and 1985 (27 enumeration areas) |
1970-1985 |
Used to demonstrate the limited coverage of official wage data (no African salaries, metropolitan enumeration areas only) which motivates the new data. |
| Knight (1976a) |
Population Census 1970 (Report 02-02-02 and related reports; Single Ages 1941 to 1970, Report 02-05-05, Table D1) |
1970 |
Basis for African population, age structure, 'economically active' counts, non-farm and farm employment, unemployment and Homeland population estimates. |
| Knight (1976a) |
Unpublished Department of Statistics tabulations of African population of the Bantu Homelands (1970 boundaries) |
1946-1970 |
Used for Homeland population, density and masculinity ratios and the adjusted-for-undercount series. |
| Knight (1976b) |
Population Census 1970, Report 02-02-02 and Report 02-02-02 Tables 1, 3, 4-6; Report 02-05-04; Single Ages 1941 to 1970 Report 02-05-05 |
1946-1970 (esp. 1970) |
Basis for African population, age-specific activity, economically active, employment by sector, unemployment and foreign African counts, adjusted for definitional change and under-enumeration. |
| Knight (1976b) |
Unpublished Department of Statistics tabulations of Homeland African population (1970 boundaries) and Census 1951/1960/1970 age by magisterial district; P.J. van der Merwe mimeo |
1946-1970 |
Tables 12-13 on Homeland population, density, masculinity and adult male numbers. |
| Kok et al. (2006) |
1980 census internal migration data (1975–1980), excluding Transkei, Bophuthatswana and Venda |
1975–1980 |
Baseline for comparing 1970s and 1990s internal migration levels. |
| Korf (2010) |
Census statistics of 1921 as used in Malan's Die Groot Vlug (1923) |
1921 |
Malan's scrutiny of census data on white urbanisation is said to have shifted his view of poor whites. |
| Krugell (2014) |
1911 Census of the Union of South Africa, place/district-level population and vehicle ownership (published volume, transcribed by the author) |
1911 |
Supplies district populations for the 1911 rank-size regression and vehicle counts (total and motorised) as the wealth proxy for the Spearman correlation. |
| Mabin (1990) |
1946 population census (referred to) |
1946 |
Cited as showing that cities had majority black populations growing faster than white ones, adding to white anxiety. |
| Mabin (1992) |
1946 population census (as referenced) |
1946 |
Invoked as heightening white administrators' apprehension that cities had majority black populations. |
| Manona (1984) |
Census population figures for Grahamstown (black population 1951-1980; Appendix graph and 1970-1980 percentage increase) |
1911-1980 (1951 and 1980 black totals cited) |
Shows rapid growth of Grahamstown's black population, attributed to in-migration from the farms. |
| Mariotti (2008) |
Census questionnaire 1970 (used to recode black education data) |
1970 |
Used to correct errors in electronic coding of 1970 black education. |
| Mariotti (2012a) |
1970 South African population census |
1970 |
Discussed to show the lack of reliable apartheid-era data on Africans, motivating use of NIDS. |
| Mariotti (2012b) |
1970 Population Census of South Africa |
1970 |
Cited to show the poor apartheid-era data on Africans (different questionnaire, undercount), motivating the use of NIDS. |
| Mariotti (2012c) |
1970 Population Census of South Africa (discussed as limited) |
1970 |
Described to show that apartheid-era census data on Africans were inadequate, motivating use of NIDS. |
| Mariotti and Fourie (2014) |
Decennial population censuses of 1970 and 1980 |
1970, 1980 |
Described as a data limitation: the censuses excluded many blacks, and collected less information on those they did enumerate. |
| Maylam (1990) |
Official government censuses of 1936 and 1946 (African population, sex ratios); municipal estimates and 1938 municipal census |
1936, 1938, 1946 |
Establishes growth of Durban's African population, male/female ratios as evidence of stabilisation, and 1938 unemployment of 2% of African males. |
| McCarthy (2000a) |
1960 Population Census (as used by Board, Davies & Fair 1970) |
1960 |
Is the primary data source for the Board et al. study of the 1960 space economy, which the author relies on for the 1960 baseline pattern (Figure 1, GDP per square mile). |
| McCarthy (2000b) |
1960 population census (as used by Board, Davies & Fair) |
1960 |
Cited as the primary data underlying the most systematic 1960 study of the space economy and the 1960 benchmark picture. |
| McGrath and Simkins (1985) |
1980 Population Census estimates of homeland agricultural employment |
1980 |
Simkins adjusted census subsistence agricultural employment upward (doubling men, +50% women) as it implied implausible productivity growth. |
| McIntyre et al. (1995) |
Population Census 1991: Geographic distribution of the Population (CSS 1993c) |
1991 |
Urban/rural population distribution and district organisation of population data. |
| Moll (1991a) |
1960, 1970 and 1980 population censuses (occupational distributions) |
1960-1980 |
Table 1 shows occupational distribution of white and colored males, showing coloreds' shift from laborers to managerial/professional jobs. |
| Moll (1991a) |
Census-based schooling attainment figures (author's computations from censuses) |
1960-1980 |
Documents convergence in white and colored years of schooling and tertiary qualifications. |
| Moll (1991b) |
Population Censuses (South Africa) – educational stock figures, 1951 Population Census |
1951, 1960-85 |
Educational stock numbers modified from Population Censuses used as a robustness check on the labour quality adjustment in the TFP calculations. |
| Moll (1991c) |
Population Censuses (South Africa), educational stock numbers, 1960-85; 1951 Population Census |
1951; 1960-1985 |
Used as a cross-check on education-based labour quality estimates for TFP; the 1951 census lacked comparable data on black education. |
| Moll (1991d) |
Population Censuses (educational stock numbers; 1951 census) and employment/sectoral labour data as described in Moll thesis pp. 196-199 |
1950-1985 |
Used to cross-check labour quality assumptions in TFP and to compute shares of white and black workers in services. |
| Moll (1996b) |
Central Statistical Service (1991), Population Census 1991, Economic Characteristics of the Population (Report 03-01-23) |
1991 |
Provides the 1991 educational distribution of the economically active population used to show the rising relative supply of primary-educated workers. |
| Nattrass (1976a) |
1936 Population Census (Sixth Census) Vol. 1 and Ages and Marital Condition of the Bantu Population |
1936 |
Gives the share of Africans resident on White farms (33 per cent) and the 1936 settled population for the permanent-migration estimates. |
| Nattrass (1976a) |
Population Censuses 1946, 1951 (Vol. V Ages), 1960 (Vol. 7 No. 1) |
1946-1960 |
Actual population counts by area and age used as the 1951 and 1960 end-points in Table A2 migration estimates. |
| Nattrass (1976a) |
Report 02-02-02, Population Census 6 May 1970, Sample Tabulation Bantu Age, Occupation, Industry, School Standard and Birthplace |
1970 |
Basis for estimates of gross temporary migrant flows by age, language group and industry in 1970 (Tables 5, A3-A7). |
| Nattrass (1976b) |
Population Census 1960, Vol. 7, No. 1: Characteristics of the Population in Each Magisterial District and Economic Regions, Age, Marital Status and Home Language |
1960 |
Used to estimate the 1960 number of African temporary migrants from rural areas for the Table 2 time series. |
| Nattrass (1976b) |
Population Census 1970, Report 02-02-02: Bantu Age, Occupation, Industry, School Standard, Birthplace |
1970 |
Basis for the standard-population estimate of migrants (Table 1), age/education/industry profiles, and ethnic-group migration rates (Tables 3-6). |
| Nattrass (1976b) |
Seventh Census of the Population of the Union of South Africa, Vol. II, Ages of the European, Coloured, Asiatic and Native Population, U.G.60/1950 |
1936 and 1946 |
Source for age data used to estimate migrants at the 1936 and 1946 census dates (Table 2). |
| Nattrass (1976c) |
Population Census 1960 Vol. 7 No. 1, Characteristics of the Population in Each Magisterial District and Economic Regions, Age, Marital Status and Home Language |
1960 |
Used to estimate the number and rate of African temporary migrants from rural areas in 1960 (Table 2). |
| Nattrass (1976c) |
Population Census 1970, Report 02-02-02, Bantu Age, Occupation, Industry, School Standard, Birthplace |
1970 |
Basis for the standard-population estimate of migrants (Table 1), age-specific migration rates, education profiles and age distributions of workers. |
| Nattrass (1976c) |
Seventh Census of the Population of the Union of South Africa, Vol. II, U.G.60/1950 (1936 and 1946 censuses) |
1936 and 1946 |
Age data on the African population used to estimate migrant numbers for 1936 and 1946 in Table 2. |
| Nattrass (1977) |
Population Census 1960 (Vol. 6) and 1970 Population Census Reports 02-02-02, 02-06-01, 02-05-11 (Occupations) |
1960, 1970 |
Domestic service employment and African population/activity data used to estimate domestic wage income and migrant numbers. |
| Nielsen (1922) |
Union of South Africa population increase statistics, 1904 and 1911 (Cape Province coloured population; Union European and non-European increase) |
1904-1911 |
Used to argue that coloured/black population growth does not justify alarm and to question the source of coloured increase. |
| Peele and Morse (1974) |
South African Census 1960 (Cape Town income-earning white male population) |
1960 |
Sampling frame and quotas by income class; sample checked against census demographics and language shares. |
| Perkins et al. (2005a) |
Population census figures for 1904 and 1911 |
1904, 1911 |
Used with SSA and US population figures to extrapolate the population series for per capita measures. |
| Perkins et al. (2005b) |
Population censuses of 1904 and 1911 |
1904, 1911 |
Anchor population figures used to extrapolate the series back for per capita measures. |
| Petterson (1951) |
Union of South Africa, Population Census of May 7, 1946 (Pretoria, 1948), p. 18 |
1946 |
Supplies the population figures for Johannesburg, its European/Non-European split, Germiston and the seven smaller Rand towns in Table I. |
| Posel (2011) |
Population census data (1946, 1951, 1960, 1970) on racial composition and urban African population |
1946-1970 |
Provides racial proportions and urban African population growth figures. |
| Sabbagh (1968) |
Population censuses 1904, 1911, 1921, 1951 and 1960 (Table I demographic structure; 1921-1951 and 1951-1960 Bantu density maps) |
1904-1960 |
Supplies racial population numbers, shares and growth rates, and the district-level maps of total and Bantu population distribution and density change. |
| Sato (2012) |
Population Census 1985: Geographical Distribution with a Review for 1960-1985, Report No. 02-85-01 (African population of Weenen, Estcourt, Klipriver districts, 1946-1980) |
1946-1980 |
Table 1 compares rural/urban African population trends across the three districts to quantify depopulation in Weenen after abolition of labour tenancy. |
| Savage (1984) |
Population census figures 1911-1980, Department of Statistics, and Unit for Future Research (Stellenbosch) 1980 estimate |
1911-1980 |
African total and urban population denominators for Table 4 and the share of the African population prosecuted under pass laws. |
| Savage (1986) |
Population censuses, Department of Statistics (1911-1980) and Unit for Future Research (Stellenbosch) 1980 estimate |
1911-1980 |
Provides African total and urban population used to compute the share of the population prosecuted under pass laws (Table 3). |
| Schmidt (1975) |
South Africa, Population Census 1970, Population of Cities, Towns, and Rural Areas |
1970 |
Supplies the estimated 1970 population (21.5 million) and the racial shares (white 17%, black 70%, Asians and Coloureds 13%) that frame the core-periphery argument. |
| Sharp and West (1984) |
Population Census 1951 (vol.1), 1960 (vol.1) and 1980 Population Census Sample Tabulation 02-80-01 |
1951, 1960, 1980 |
Establishes the growth of the African population of Namaqualand from just over 3000 in 1951 to over 5000 in 1960 and into the 1980s. |
| Siebert (1987a) |
Population censuses 1946, 1951, 1960, 1970, 1980 (economically active population) |
1946-1980 |
Construct the non-farm workforce denominator for union density, with geometric interpolation between censuses; also occupational distribution of the black workforce. |
| Siebert (1987b) |
Population censuses 1946, 1951, 1960, 1970, 1980 |
1946-1980 |
Used to construct the non-farm workforce denominator (union density), with geometric interpolation between census years; also occupational shares of black workers (1951 vs 1980). |
| Siebert (1987c) |
Population censuses 1946, 1951, 1960, 1970, 1980 |
1946-1980 |
Construct the non-farm workforce denominator (with geometric interpolation) for union density and occupational shares of the black workforce. |
| Simkins (1981) |
Population Censuses 1936, 1946, 1951, 1960, 1970 (reserve population; Report 02-05-12 for 1970) |
1936-1970 |
Supplies reserve population totals for per-head output, density, and the 1960-70 growth rate. |
| Simkins (1984a) |
1960 Population Census, magisterial district populations, with Western Cape African labour replacement line (1963) |
1960 |
Used with 1960 Agricultural Census employment to build the cross-sectional employment as a percentage of labour supply by district (Figure 3), and to compute growth rates 1960-70 (Figure 4). |
| Simkins (1984a) |
Population Censuses (1921, 1936, 1946, 1951, 1960, 1970), African farm population |
1921-1970 |
Six census observations of the African farm population are the basis for the population estimates, interpolated annually 1923-1969. |
| Simkins (1984a) |
Unpublished tabulation from the 1970 census C-returns |
1970 |
Source of the 1970 farm population figure in Table 1. |
| Simkins (1984b) |
1951 Population Census figures on Africans on unoccupied farms |
1946, 1951 |
Gives the only data on Africans living on unoccupied farms, supporting the de facto occupation argument. |
| Simkins (1984b) |
Population Censuses (six observations 1921, 1936, 1946, 1951, 1960, 1970) of the African farm population |
1921-1970 |
Provides the benchmark African farm population observations from which annual estimates are interpolated. |
| Simkins (1984b) |
Unpublished tabulation from the 1970 census C-returns |
1970 |
Supplies the 1970 African farm population figure in Table 1. |
| Simkins (n.d.) |
Population censuses (South Africa), as characterised for non-urban classification |
Not specified; used for 1950-1985 comparisons |
Cited to show that censuses lump peri-urban, dense settlement and rural populations together as 'non-urban', so demographic classification needs fieldwork. |
| Simkins and Van Heyningen (1989) |
Union and Republic population censuses 1911-1980 (age/sex/marital tabulations used for Princeton indices If, Im, Ig, Ih) |
1904-1980 |
Used to compute Hutterite-standardised fertility indices for whites, Coloureds and blacks at census dates. |
| Simkins and Van Heyningen (1989) |
Unpublished raw data from the 1980 census (Central Statistical Services) |
1980 |
Used to note the 24 percent undercount adjustment of black population in 1980. |
| Sitas et al. (1984) |
Census Report 02.80.03 (1980 Population Census), Central Statistical Services |
1980 |
Establishes that 24.4 percent of Natal's workers were employed in manufacturing and construction. |
| Sources of Growth in the... (1990) |
1951 Population Census (economically active population) |
1951 |
Used for the size of the economically active population (4.6 million, 58.5%). |
| Stavrou (1988) |
1985 Population Census, Industry by Development Region, Statistical Region and District, Report No. 02-85-03 |
1985 |
Gives the share (16,2%) and number (850 041) of economically active blacks in commercial agriculture and the under-1% non-white share of private and partnership land ownership. |
| Venter (1979) |
Population censuses 1904, 1936, 1960 and 1970 (Griqualand East: Matatiele and Mount Currie districts) |
1904-1970 |
Racial population counts over seven decades are used to challenge the Steyn Committee's claim that Griqualand East was never a Bantu tribal territory. |
| Wittenberg (2003b) |
1985 census, as cited via Wills (1988) |
1985 |
Gives the White, Indian and Coloured population figures to illustrate the apartheid city's spatial division. |
| Zuberi et al. (2005) |
1970 population census and Report on Births 1964 to 1971 (birth registration) |
1970 |
Supplies 1970 fertility estimates for Africans (census births) and non-Africans (birth registration) as the starting point of the fertility trend. |
| Zuberi et al. (2005) |
South African population censuses 1911-1996 (official census reports and questionnaires, racial classification tables) |
1911-1996 |
Traces the changing racial classifications and population sizes by race across censuses. |