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Other employer association records (one-off)

Literature › Primary sources

Kind employer association records
Producer various
Coverage various
Works using it 27

Debates

Debate Works
Liberal vs revisionist: was apartheid functional or dysfunctional for capitalist growth? 7
The job colour bar, white labour and its erosion 5
Cheap labour thesis and the function of the reserves 4
Farm labour: mechanisation, labour shedding, wages and labour control 4
Influx control, pass laws and African urbanisation 4
Agrarian transition to capitalism and the fate of the African peasantry 3
Why apartheid ended: reform, transition and elite bargaining 3
Industrialisation, protection and industrial structure 3
The mine migrant labour system: origins, recruitment, foreign labour and stabilisation 3
The state and capital: instrumentalism, autonomy and fractions of capital 3
Origins, coherence and ideology of apartheid and Afrikaner nationalism 2
Resistance and liberation movements 2
Unemployment: causes, measurement and labour market institutions 2
Black trade unions: growth, wage effects, Wiehahn and strategy 2
Agricultural policy, productivity, farm size and land reform 1
Pre-Union colonial economy, the mineral revolution and the South African War 1
White electoral politics, delimitation and party systems 1
Homelands, separate development, decentralisation and removals 1
Post-apartheid economic policy, governance and corruption 1
Worker consciousness, strikes and conflict on the mines and shop floor 1

Works using this source

Work As cited Period How used
(ed.) et al. (1987) Independent Wire Convertors Association Bulletin, August 1987 (wire rod prices and international cost comparison) August 1987 Gives the comparison of production cost elements and wire rod price levels used to argue Iscor's two-tier pricing and protection.
Atkinson (2007) AgriSA survey of 288 farmers (2003) 2003 Shows labour as largest farm cost and the value of in-kind payments.
Bonner (1995) Benoni Chamber of Commerce and Industry Archives, President's Report (T. D. Thompson, 2 December 1953) 1953 Supports the estimate of the share of unskilled African industrial labour.
Bozzoli (1975) Speeches and addresses to manufacturers' bodies (Reid 1911 and 1912; Buckland 1908; FCI conventions 1918-1920; Warington-Smyth 1918-1919; Gibaud 1922; Fremantle 1924 lecture) 1908-1924 Speeches supply the content of the ideology of mutual interdependence, protection as patriotism, and state-industry relations.
Cillié et al. (1980) Public hearings and written representations of the National Party, Progressive Federal Party and New Republic Party April-July 1980 Party schemes and comments are the main evidence for designing divisions and are often adopted by the Commission.
Coupe (1990) Natal Chamber of Industries documents collection, Transvaal Chamber of Industries Circular 20/7/71 1971 Shows the Chambers' shift to quieter lobbying on physical planning and decentralisation.
Coupe (1990) TIA, Town Clerk Germiston 492/45/22, Germiston Industries Association minutes, January 1968 and September 1964 1964-1968 Anecdotes on influx control harassment of workers at Stewarts and Lloyds and accommodation difficulties at Hume Pipe.
Crankshaw (1990) Building Industries Federation of South Africa (BIFSA) Memorandum to Industrial Tribunal, 1973 (cited in Scheiner) 1973 Shows employers pressing the state to insist the unions negotiate fragmentation themselves.
Davies (1979a) Statements of business leaders and organisations (Oppenheimer, Suzman, Hersov, Leistner, FCI, Handelsinstituut, Urban Foundation) 1970-1977 Quoted to show bourgeois positions on floating the colour bar, then on repealing job reservation and attracting foreign investors.
Dubb (2012) SACGA records on SSG registration/deliveries in Umfolozi (2010) and individual production data 2000-2010 Gives registered vs delivering SSGs in Umfolozi and individual growers' sucrose and production codes used to assess cane quality and transport costs.
Dubb (2012) South African Sugar Association, South African Sugar Industry Directory 2011/12 2011/12 Provides the 2011/12 count of registered SSGs delivering cane (13,871) and their 8.59% share of the crop.
Edgecombe (1987) Minutes of the Natal Coal Owners' Society (N.C.O.S. vol. 13) and Natal Mine Managers Association minutes 1955-1956 Source for the decline of permanent labour to 28% in 1956 and the 1955-56 government housing restrictions after Burnside closed.
Greenberg (1987) Confidential 1982 memorandum by a major manufacturing business organisation to the government on the Orderly Movement and Settlement of Black Persons Bill 1982 Evidence that manufacturers publicly opposed the new influx control bill.
Halpern (2004) Louisiana Sugar Planters' Association Papers (LLMVC) and Leroy Percy Papers, Oxnard Papers, Warmoth Plantation Journal 1892-1913 Correspondence on Italian immigration, a diary of Italians' departure, and a 1892 tenant versus wage cost comparison.
Industrial Relations in South Africa (n.d.) Institute for Industrial Relations, Review of Industrial Relations in South Africa not specified Listed as a strike and industrial relations review source.
James (1987) Papers and Discussion, Association of Mine Managers of the Transvaal (AMMT) / TCM, 1937-1945 (papers by R.B. Start, J.S. Ford, J.B.W. Couperthwaite, Glathaar, Hildick-Smith, Bushell and others) 1937-1945 Manager papers and discussion record the mechanization, scientific management, labour checking and compound-kitchen responses to the labour shortage.
Jeeves and Crush (1990) Statements of farmers' associations and the Chamber of Mines on labour shortages 1930s-1950s Cited as evidence that employers attributed shortages to growing urban employment; no specific records are named.
Johnstone (1971) Statements of Evidence of the Gold Producers' Committee of the Transvaal Chamber of Mines, 1925 (Statements no. 3 and 5) 1925 (covering 1910s-1924) Supplies Chamber estimates of cost sensitivity, production costs per ton, and the Chamber's own statements on the need for native-specific laws and cheap labour.
Johnstone (1971) Status Quo Agreement of 1918 between the Chamber of Mines and white workers (as quoted in the Mining Industry Board report) 1918 Shows consolidation of the job colour bar and the terms of the later conflict.
Legassick (1974) Ernest Oppenheimer speech quoted in SAIRR Seventeenth Annual Report, 1945-46 1945-46 Shows mining capital's preference for mechanization and married quarters.
Legassick (1974) Evidence of SAFEMA to the Fagan Commission (Native Laws Commission, p. 42) 1946-48 Shows ambivalent engineering employer views on migrant versus permanent labour, with the 65/35 migrant-urban estimate.
Lumby (1974) Other business-association publications (Associated Chambers of Commerce congress 1925, Johannesburg Commercial Year-books, Cape/Transvaal Chambers of Industries histories, South African Manufacturers Association) 1907-1960 Used to show positions of importers, miners and manufacturers on protection.
Mazower (1990) Umvoti Agricultural Society Minutes, KCL KCM 33662 1944 Evidence on seasonal labour shortage in Umvoti.
Morrell (1990) Impendhle District Farmers Association Minute Book; Minutes of the Donnybrook Farmers Association 1911-1913 Shows FAs inviting magistrates onto executives and endorsing continued evictions practice.
Nattrass and Seekings (2012a) NBC clothing industry exemption applications 2008 and collective agreements/minimum wage rates 1998-2010 Underpins claims about minimum wage rates by region and that wage-related exemptions are almost never granted.
Posel (1987) SAAU, 'List of Recommendations for Discussion with the Minister of Native Affairs', conference of 15 September 1944 1944 Establishes the SAAU's 1944 blueprint for 'separate development' as rural/urban labour allocation with influx/efflux controls.
Posel (1987) Stellenbosch Chamber of Commerce memorandum to the Fagan Commission c.1946 Shows that some capitalist bodies endorsed SABRA's total segregation blueprint.
Sanderson (1961) Reports and Proceedings of the Rhodesia Native Labour Bureau (1908-1912) 1908-1912 Supplies ferry crossing counts, desertion rates, contract lengths, Nyasa recruit allocation and bureau policy.
Schirmer (1995) Lydenburg District Farmers Union to Transvaal Agricultural Union, 1 July 1968 (CAD BAO 23/1396 Vol. 2116) 1968 Shows farmer opposition in 1968 to proclaiming abolition of labour tenancy because of African objections.
Standish (1976) S.A. Timber Growers' Association, Document 129/1970 1970 Benchmark for recommended value of food provisions against which surveyed provisions are found to be below.
Swilling (1985a) Midland Chamber of Industries Directory (sampling frame for Port Elizabeth firms) c. 1985 Directory listing 235 firms from which the Labour Monitoring Group interviewed 50 firms; Uitenhage coverage was 75% of firms.
Van Wyk (2005) Cabinet records and Chamber/business association statements (1960 joint statement; Assocom, FCI, TCI, AHI, Urban Foundation, 1985 Kennedy memorandum) 1960-1991 Evidences the shift of business toward demanding reform, via Pretorius, Mann and O'Meara.