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Kind international trade or finance data
Producer Various
Coverage various
Works using it 113

Debates

Debate Works
Liberal vs revisionist: was apartheid functional or dysfunctional for capitalist growth? 20
Agrarian transition to capitalism and the fate of the African peasantry 13
Sanctions, disinvestment and the anti-apartheid movement 12
Cheap labour thesis and the function of the reserves 11
The mine migrant labour system: origins, recruitment, foreign labour and stabilisation 11
Post-apartheid economic policy, governance and corruption 10
Agricultural policy, productivity, farm size and land reform 9
The job colour bar, white labour and its erosion 9
Historiographical approaches 9
Homelands, separate development, decentralisation and removals 9
Unemployment: causes, measurement and labour market institutions 9
Why apartheid ended: reform, transition and elite bargaining 8
Farm labour: mechanisation, labour shedding, wages and labour control 8
Black trade unions: growth, wage effects, Wiehahn and strategy 8
Origins, coherence and ideology of apartheid and Afrikaner nationalism 7
Pre-Union colonial economy, the mineral revolution and the South African War 6
Did the apartheid economy fail? Growth, productivity, investment and the post-1970s crisis 6
Industrialisation, protection and industrial structure 6
The state and capital: instrumentalism, autonomy and fractions of capital 6
Worker consciousness, strikes and conflict on the mines and shop floor 6
Finance, capital flight, the 1985 debt crisis and banking 5
Influx control, pass laws and African urbanisation 5
Education, Bantu Education and skills 4
Living standards, health and social policy 4
Data reliability and econometric method 3
Resistance and liberation movements 3
Coloured Labour Preference policy in the Western Cape 2
White electoral politics, delimitation and party systems 2
Census, race classification and demographic data 1
Long-run legacy and persistence of apartheid 1
Urban segregation, Group Areas and the apartheid city 1
Racial wage gaps, wage convergence and wage determination 1

Works using this source

Work As cited Period How used
(organiser) et al. (2008) Global Third World debt aggregates (1970-2006) cited by Tariq 1970-2006 Used to show the growth of Third World debt and net transfers to creditors.
Anglin (1995) Author's interview/personal communication with a UNOMSA observer (7 April 1995); author's own address notes (Kriegler, Ottawa, 21 Sept 1994) 1994-1995 Supplies insider assessment of New York's lack of guidance and the IEC chair's judgment.
Atkinson (2007) Interviews with 32 ex-farm workers, HSRC 2003 survey 2003 Documents living conditions, unemployment and farming aspirations of ex-farm workers in towns.
Atkinson (2007) Interviews with rural councillors, Free State and Northern Cape 2002 Basis for account of TRC representation and urban bias in amalgamated municipalities.
Atkinson (2007) Participatory action research on five/18 farms near Philippolis (du Plessis & van Schalkwyk) 2001-2003 Establishes the 'development gap' (low self-identity, illiteracy, alcohol abuse) among farm workers.
Author not named in text (MSc candidate (2012) Author interviews with Western Cape wheat farmer and former Wheat Board members (2012) 2012 Illustrate views on deregulation and the opinion that the free-market move was inevitable.
Bell (1986) Zille interview with Dr Simon Brand (in South African Review I) c.1983 Official statement of the legitimacy objective of decentralisation policy.
Bell and Padayachee (1984) United Kingdom unemployment rate, 1965-1983 1965-1983 A comparison series plotted against Simkins' Black rate (Fig. 2) to support the validity of his method and the global character of rising unemployment.
Bergholm (2009) Interview with Risto Kuisma, 19 Dec 1995 (Tapio Bergholm's archive) 1995 Source on the union leader's motives and account of the boycott decision, checked against archival records.
Best (1971) Personal interviews with officials and managers (Du Plessis, Wolvaardt, Pieterse, Kloppers), July-August 1969 July-August 1969 Supports statements on government plans, Brits farm labor, Rustenburg industrial siting and Mafeking's Tswana capital.
Bhana (1997) Company details and consultant verification of strike start/end dates (Labour Research Service and other industrial relations consultants) 1984-1993 Verified start and end dates of strikes and confirmed which companies averted strikes.
Bond (2004) ANC Today (Mbeki column, 30 August 2002); Sooka (2003) and Ngcobo (2003) in Kimani (Ed); Ngwane (2003, 2004) interview and article 2002-2004 Supplies statements from officials and movement leaders on the 31 August 2002 WSSD march, policing and the debate on autonomism.
Bonner (1994) Informal canvassing of fellow historians and social scientists, plus personal communications c. 1993-1994 Source of the criticisms of the Workshop's output and of the claim that its publications are used in first-year teaching.
Bonner and Shapiro (1987) Oral history interviews: Christian Silikane, July Sedibe, Tiger Mashile, Jubilee Kok, Chief L.L. Mogane and others (Feb 1985) interviews 1985; recollections of c.1915-1932 Supplies worker experience of juvenile labour, influenza, compound life, tenant prosperity, the ICU and the land cuts.
Bradford (1990) Interview with William Makana by Frans Sacpa, Johannesburg, 24 November 1987 1987 Estimate of 14,000 recruited workers in Bethal by 1947.
Breckenridge (1995) Oral history interviews by Breckenridge and Jones Mzayifani with old Mpondo and Bhaca mineworkers (Mdlamza, Sohlathi, Sodladla, Dzingwe), Tabankulu/Mount Frere, 1992 1992 (recalling the 1920s-30s) Establishes migrants' own meanings of gold ('red money'), burying of hoards, patriarchal control of wages, and savings practices.
Brits (1969) Interview with Dr. A. R. Saunders and local farmers, Lichtenburg district, September 1966 September 1966 Anecdotal evidence of farm prices rising from under R100 to R240 per morgen as proof that maize prices are too high.
Brookes (1924) Author's personal observation, informants and correspondence (Rev. Bourquin, Rev. Loffhagen, Transvaal Missionary Association, unnamed authority) c.1920-1923 Used for claims on Basutoland sheep, Mozambique sugar, Ethiopian churches, and Natal personalities.
Budlender (1984) South African Sugar Association Research Station, Mount Edgcombe, officers and other industry sources (personal communication) early 1980s Corroborates Nelson's mechanisation percentages and supplies technical and irrigation information.
Callinicos (1990) Historical autobiographies (Qabula, Tom, Mattera, Moloi, Mandlenkosi) and Write Your Own History Project 1983-1989 Used to show autobiographical testimony as a form of popular history.
Callinicos (1990) Suttner and Cronin, Thirty Years of the Freedom Charter (1986), based on interviews and documents 1950s Freedom Charter campaign, published 1986 Described as an example of popular national-resistance history built on interviews and documents.
Callinicos (1990) UWC People's History Series (Let Us Speak of Freedom) and People's History Project oral history 1980s Cited as an example of popular history booklets and of oral-history training by students.
Charney (1984) Personal interviews with Nationalists, a high official, an NP MP and Beaumont Schoeman (former editor of Die Afrikaner) c. 1982-83 Supports claims on the class character of the NP, the official view of the ANC threat, defections in the Transvaal NP, farmer politics and the limits to reform.
Chirwa (1996) Songs of the MCP Women's League, Nkhata Bay district late 1960s-1970s Illustrates state-sponsored campaign against labour migration and regime legitimation of the ban.
Clynick (1990) Interview of George Stacey with Chief Kelly Molete, 1987 1987 (describing to 1940s) Supports sharecropping and big-farmer activity in the Locations.
Clynick (1990) Interview with a former white A&E tenant, 1989 1989 (describing 1930s) Describes the company's rent collection and the comparability of white and African tenants.
Clynick (1990) Oral evidence on mechanised Trust farmers ploughing up to 1000 morgen 1940s Claims some mechanised farmers sharecropped and ploughed far more than allowed.
Cooper (2007) Comparative data on other African countries and middle-income unequal societies such as Brazil Not specified Frequent comparisons establish the distinctiveness of South Africa's trajectory, such as its capitalist economy, welfare system and apartheid-era controls on the rural poor.
Coupe (1990) Interview with Gert Beetge by Suzanne Gordon, 13/6/86 1986 Supports characterisation of Beetge's Nationalist activism.
Coupe (1995) Interviews by the author: A. O. de Jager (ICISEM General Secretary), Simon Biesheuvel, Anna Scheepers, Des East 1989-1990 Provide recollections of union culture, workforce size, productivity norms, ISCOR attitudes and organising in the coloured workforce and motor industry.
Crankshaw (1996) Interview with Mrs Brelage (Department of Manpower) and Mrs de Jager (Central Statistical Service) not stated Provides information on Manpower Survey sampling frame, sample sizes and the ~90 per cent realisation rate.
Crush (1984) Western's interviews with 100 mixed-race (coloured) families, former residents of Mowbray, Cape Town (as described in the review) mid-1970s Forms the core of Western's study, documenting the experience and deprivations of forced resettlement under the Group Areas Act.
Crush and James (1995b) HSRC/Goldstone hostel interviews at three mine hostels, 1992-1993 (Payze) 1992-1993 Provides residents' views of hostel conditions and accommodation preferences.
Crush and James (1995b) Seidman snowball sample of retrenched Harmony workers in Maseru 1993 Shows the plight of ex-Harmony workers in Lesotho.
Crush and Jeeves (1993) Oral history of the 1989 women farmworkers' stay-away in the eastern Transvaal lowveld (Mather) 1989 (event); research c. early 1990s Described as the evidentiary basis for Mather's micro-analysis of farm labour relations and a successful stay-away.
Crush and Wellings (1983) Personal communication, Tommy Kai, May 1982 May 1982 Source of estimate that 75 per cent of slot-machine clientele at Maseru Holiday Inn Casino are Basotho.
Davies (1979a) Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations, US Senate, on US Corporate Interests in Africa (Senator Dick Clark, 1978) 1976 Supports the claim that returns on US capital in Nigeria and Libya exceeded those in South Africa in 1976.
De Klerk (1984a) Farmer interviews on tax write-off provision, labour tenancy and relocation c.1981-83 Establishes that the 1977 tax provision and labour control/relocation were not significant drivers of mechanization.
De Klerk (1990) Fiske (1988, personal communication) 1988 Source for cheap credit to farmers and for sources of undervaluation of agricultural capital in official statistics.
Delius and Schirmer (2012) Oral traditions on Bokoni chieftainship (referenced, not itemised) pre-colonial/19th century traditions Alongside archaeology, said to support the existence of a small-scale, fragmented chieftainship at Bokoni.
Devereux (2007) Author's interviews with Namibians, including a former paymaster in the Owambo Administration Directorate of Welfare c. 2000s (unspecified) Provides competing explanations for the 1973 extension of pensions to black Namibians (compensation versus winning hearts and minds).
Di McIntyre et al. (1995) Kistnasamy personal communication; head-office expenditure records of former provinces/homelands; Engelhardt (1994) Hospital and Nursing Yearbook 1992/93-1994 Defence, police and correctional services health data; validation of ReHMIS; private for-profit hospital ownership.
Drew (1994) Verbal communication from Howard Barrell, 4 April 1992 1992 Evidence that the ANC did not supply arms requested by Pondoland militants.
Dubb (2012) Life-history and semi-structured interviews with SSG homesteads, mill and SACGA staff; meeting transcripts 2010-2012 Reconstructs trajectories of growers (stepping out/up/hanging in/down/dropping out) and mill staff accounts of retracted support.
Fedderke et al. (2006) Personal communication with civil engineering firm on road construction cost c.1995 prices Supplies the R5.4 million per km cost of road used to interpret the large investment-to-stock elasticity.
Frankel (1979) Personal communications (unnamed officials/police sources) c.1970s Support claims about bureaucrats' and police attitudes toward influx control.
Giliomee (2003) Brits correspondence with collector Willem Kleynhans on NP election material (23 March 2002) 2002 Supports the claim that the NP never used the slogans Mandela attributes to it.
Giliomee (2009) Departmental nation-wide survey of parents' language preferences (reported by Rousseau, 2001) c. 1950s Offered as the probable basis for the triple-medium policy; the author notes nothing more is known about it.
Giliomee and Schlemmer (1985) Maasdorp and Lenta 1983 survey of leading Durban industrialists 1983 Establishes locational preferences and industrialists' views on decentralisation.
Greenberg (1987) Student Rural Labour Control Project interview documents (Sterkspruit Tribal Labour Bureau, ACRO official), University of the Witwatersrand c. 1980s (not stated) Corroborates the pattern of empty tribal bureaux and the abandonment of ACRO and TEBA recruiting networks.
Harington et al. (1975) Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Vols I (1966) and II (1970), UICC 1960s Median ages of cancer cases in resident populations are compared with those of miners (Table III).
Harris (2002) Author's personal experience and insider knowledge as State Archives Service archivist (1993 leak of destruction authorisation; National Archives staff counts, July 1998) 1993-1998 Provides first-hand evidence of SAS leadership's passivity and the Security Secretariat destruction authorisation.
Harvey (1974) Interviews with other people in South Africa 1972-1973 Supplementary background for the firm-level findings.
Heintz (2000) Interviews with large employers in South Africa (Heintz 1998, NALEDI research report) c.1998 Justifies the one-year lag between investment decision and realized investment used in all regressions.
Hepple (2006) Reviewer's personal recollection of a Willesden union branch meeting, 1964 1964 Anecdote illustrating how the AAM linked racial discrimination in South Africa to racism in Britain.
Hindson (1978) United Nations, Statistical Yearbook, 1970, table 22 1961 Source of 1961 comparator unemployment rates in Table 1.
Hirschsohn (1996) Nupen 1995, address to International Industrial Relations Association 10th World Congress, Washington, June 1995 1995 Provides a participant's recollections of shopfloor conflict, evolving mediator roles and the design of the new CCMA.
Hoffman and Todd (2000) Nine case studies in select commercial and communal magisterial districts, with consultation of farmers, villagers, administrators, traditional authorities and NGO personnel 1997-1998 Used qualitatively to corroborate the workshop results on perceived degradation.
Horrell (1970) UN General Assembly votes and resolutions; Universal Postal Union congress votes (via press) 1968-1969 Vote tallies on resolutions on South Africa reported through newspapers.
Hyslop (2005) Interview with an investigator (anonymous) not stated Anecdotal illustration of intelligence operatives' offshore enrichment.
Iliffe (1999) Oral research on mineworkers' experience 20th century Oral work penetrates the experience of deep-level gold mining and migrant culture.
Iliffe (1999) Oral sources and biography of Kas Maine (van Onselen, The Seed is Mine) 1894-1985 Illustrates sharecroppers' resistance to proletarianization through one man's life over 35 years on 15 farms.
Jeeves and Crush (1990) Oral data from black sharecroppers, labour tenants and migrants 1930-1970 experiences Planned to illuminate the experiences of sharecroppers, labour tenants and migrants alongside the archival core.
Jeeves and Crush (1992) Personal communication from Denis Fair, 21 July 1989 1952-57 (recalled 1989) Testimony that the Native Affairs Department insisted on a 3 percent cap on married housing.
Johns (1994) Pauline Podbrey, White Girl in Search of the Party (Hadeda Books, 1993) 1943 general election Gives a canvasser's vignette of the 1943 Cape Flats campaign and its reception among Afrikaner farmers and in Pinelands.
Kaplan (1983) In-depth interviews with senior management of 18 companies making significant foreign investments c. 1981-1982 Fills gaps in annual reports and yields motives, Reserve Bank attitudes, concentration as driver, and head-office autonomy findings.
Kaplan (1989) Author's ~30 confidential interviews with senior management of the larger telecommunications companies, South African Post Office personnel and government policy personnel (HSRC project) c. 1987-1988 (interviews); covers 1950s-1980s Principal basis for reconstructing the history of the industry, the Post Office's policy decisions, the digital choice and company motivations.
Katzen (1962) Informal information on Caltex Refinery's demand for a labour guarantee c. 1962 Anecdotal example that new firms demand guaranteed African labour before investing in the Western Cape.
Keegan (1979) Colonial Office archives 1906-10, oral evidence on Tlokoa and Khulukhwe claims in north-eastern districts 1906-1910 Source on displaced people's history and the north-eastern districts.
Keegan (1985) A Community Man: An Oral History of Barney Ngakane (SAIRR, 1983) 1983 (recalling 1912-13) Barney Ngakane's account of Botha's meeting with farmers and Cronje's ultimatum to tenants illustrates intimidation.
Keegan (1989) Keegan, Facing the Storm: Portraits of Black Lives in Rural South Africa (1988) - life stories 20th century, apartheid era Life stories are cited as evidence that access to land remained important in survival strategies under apartheid.
Kerby (2014) Email from Martine Mariotti, November 2013 2013 Supports the claim that researchers rely on highly inaccurate ratios of African workers.
Kok et al. (2006) UNHCR Global Report 2001 and 1993 estimates 1993–2001 Source for refugee and asylum-seeker numbers by host and origin country (Table 3.5) and Mozambican refugees in South Africa.
Korf (2010) Interview notes and notes prepared for H.B. Thom (H.B. Thom collection 191.M.1 etc.) and INCH Sound Archive PV 193 interview with Danie Malan 1976-1980 Family and associates' recollections used for Malan's private life, marriage to Maria and relations with stepsons.
Lemon (1995) Personal communications from F. Chung (Minister of Education, Zimbabwe) and L. Ota (University of Zimbabwe) 1991 Supports the claims that levies exclude domestic servants' children and that vocational O-level alternatives were precluded by parental demand.
Lewis (1984b) Author's interviews 1977 (Barnard, Plunkett of IMS; SEIFSA official) 1977 Supplements IMS minutes on racial composition and negotiation practice.
Lewis (1990) Interview with a surviving relative of Dan Koza (black distributive workers' union leader, 1940s) 1980s interview on 1940s events A passing example of research prompted by union education work, not evidence for any main claim.
Lodge (1998) Transparency International Corruption Perception Index, 1997 (press release, 31 July 1997) 1980-1997 Shows foreign business perception of corruption rising, with South Africa's score slipping 1996-97.
Lucas (1985) Interviews with industrialists and industry/recruiting participants c. early 1980s Support claims about Chamber split over wages, recruitment policy and motivations; not systematically reported.
Lucas (1985) Supply-side exogenous variables for labor-sending countries (population, rainfall, wages, crop prices, employment) used as 23 underlying variables reduced to principal components 1946-1978 Principal components shift the overall labor supply function in equation (7) estimated in Table 2.
Lumby (1974) League of Nations publications (World Economic Survey, Commercial Policy of the Inter-War Period) 1927-1942 International industrial production index (Table 3-3) and background on global tariff increases.
Mabin (1984) Mitchell and Deane, Imlah, Simon and Cairncross British trade and investment statistics 1850-1914 Tables 2.3 and 2.4 on British trade and portfolio investment for the international context.
Malherbe and Segal (2001a) FIBV data on market value of equity, public debt and private debt as a share of GDP (Figures 3-4, Table A17) 1999 Shows that South Africa's equity market is unusually deep relative to GDP.
Massey (1983) Field interview with Amos Kgamanyane Pilane, Mochudi, Botswana, 11 November 1977 1977 (describing c. 1900) Oral testimony illustrating the compound inspection and detention system on the diamond mines.
Massie (1997) Shipping Research Bureau reports on oil embargo violations 1981-1990 Shows South Africa paying about $2 billion a year to circumvent the oil embargo.
Mazower (1990) Author interview with T Turton, Durban, March 1989 1989 Cited for Chief Native Commissioner's comment that no Zulu would go to Pretoria.
Mazower (1990) Oral History Project interview with V.W. Zwane, KCAV 363, Killie Campbell Library interview 18.11.1986 Illustrates intra-family exploitation of young men under labour tenancy.
McCulloch (2004) Interviews with Bantu school students and teachers on gender violence (Morrell and Moletsane) apartheid-era schooling Interviews are the basis for a discussion of violent gender relations in Bantu schools.
McCulloch (2004) Soudien and Nekhwevha interviews with Africans in the Western Cape apartheid era Interviews are used to examine African attitudes to schooling.
McCulloch (2004) Soudien's interviews with teachers on responses to apartheid education introduction of apartheid education 80 interviews establish the range of teacher responses from resistance to acceptance.
McGrath et al. (2004b) SESD Programme college-level interviews and fieldwork (DoE-Danida, HSRC monitoring) 2002-2003 Interviews and fieldwork underpin claims about college cost per learner and data-quality dissatisfaction.
Minkley (1990) Interviews with companies (Jan. 1987) 1987 Supports claims about consent and benefits for white labour in the workplace.
Minkley (1990) Worker interviews (Interviews 2, 3, 4 series, 1987-1988, with workers of the 1950s) 1987-1988 (recalling the 1950s) Evidence for worker experience of migrancy, rural ties, job-seeking, pass laws, housing and racial identity.
Mohamed (1991) Interviews with union officials and core group members (Brian Williams, Cecil Theys, Russell Sabor, Cyril Shield, Paul Van Oordt, Raymond Khoza, Mr Hector, union officials/organisers), March-October 1989 interviews 1989; events 1977-1989 Main evidence for Chapters Two and Three on the core group's struggle, EATUSA's bureaucracy, the merger, and deskilling in contracting.
Mohamed and Finnoff (2004) Private communication with Department of Trade and Industry officials who administered GEIS c. 1990-1997 Used to support the claim that the General Export Incentive Scheme led to export overinvoicing in 1990-94, including fraud court cases.
Moll (1996a) Interviews/commentary from industry and union officials c. 1995 Anecdotal support that large firms and unions favor ergo omnes extension and want to eliminate small non-complying firms.
Moodie (1986) Carter-Karis Collection, J.B. Marks interviews (2:XM42:94, 96) Recollections of 1942-1946 Marks's own account of union growth, the 1944 move onto mine property, and the strike-date planning.
Moodie (2005) Interview with Geoff Livingstone, retired white mine captain, Stilfontein, 4 November 1998 1998 Illustrates the physical, masculine culture of mine violence and use of boss boys to discipline.
Morrell (1990) Author's interviews (Ms M Mingay, 1988; Frank Isaac, 1989) 1988-1989 Supports present-day farmer views of African virility and paperwork burdens.
Morrell (1990) Baynesfield Museum transcripts of interviews (1978, 1980-81) and Baynesfield Estate 1978-1981 Describes Joseph Baynes's private punishments and neighbours' resentment.
Morris (1987) Interviews with Bloedfontein/Geweerfontein residents (incl. Sam Madimetja Kekana testimony, original purchaser's account of Geweerfontein, nursing sister, local resident) 1980s interviews recalling 1922-1948 events Establishes the account of how Bloedfontein and Geweerfontein were purchased, the role of Chief Moepi, and present conditions on the farms.
Murray (1987) Oral reminiscence of a university lecturer at Roma (Lesotho) recorded in Robertson's DPR c. 1913-1930s and present Single oral-history case showing continuity of share-cropping across generations and the OFS-Lesotho link.
Murray (1987) Tape-recorded testimonies of elderly survivors on the Vereeniging Estates (late 1970s-early 1980s) recorded late 1970s and early 1980s; recalling c. 1900 Provides vivid testimony complementing the company records on share-cropping.
Murray (1989) Recollections of a lone ICU organizer recounting an unknown labour tenant from Vrede district (as used by Bradford) 1920s Cited by Murray as Bradford's single piece of evidence that labour tenants displayed an 'insurgent peasant spirit', judged insufficient.
Murray (1995) NAZ Oral History (English) Oral/BE5, R. G. L. C. Bennett n.d. Cited with official files on Spraggon and MacDougall's trading and transport business.
Murray (2006) Memories and narratives of retired mine-workers about Sake and Mainyatso of Mafeteng early-to-mid twentieth century (recalled) Illustrates how migrants' memories of the journey home and of being fleeced by women shaped stereotypical narratives.
Murray (2006) Oral sources (interviews/oral testimony) c. 1890-1940 (recollected) Oral accounts supply mine-workers' and families' experience, balanced against official and written sources.
Nattrass and Seekings (2012a) Godfrey (1997), unpublished MA thesis on Western Cape clothing employers (interviews 1991-1995) 1991-1995 Evidence of employers' ambivalence about industrial councils and that only a quarter favoured national bargaining.
Neethling (1930) Expert consultations: Division of Veterinary Services (pig feeding) and Principal Poultry Officer, Department of Agriculture c. 1928-29 Supply feeding-cost assumptions for pig and poultry enterprise profit calculations.
Obi (2006) Reserve Bank personal communications (Swart 2006; Mandeya 2006) on 1955 missing observation 2006 Advice to set the 1955 foreign capital inflow values equal to 1956 values.
Poswa (1994) Statement by the Human Resource Manager at Khangela Brewery (interview or testimony) 1991-1992 Used to show that worker suspicion made the introduction of participatory schemes a 'tell and sell' exercise.
Rodman (1994) Correspondence from Reid Weedon, Arthur D. Little Company (Sullivan Principles monitor), 5 July 1988 1988 Supports the claim that only one new South African firm allowed independent on-site inspection of workplace practices.
Rustomjee (1991) SA-USA trade by commodity (CCCN classification), 1985 1985 Commodity-level comparison of South African export values with US-reported imports to identify underinvoiced goods.
Sharp and West (1984) Personal communication, Personnel Manager, O'okiep Copper Company (DCC), January 1983 January 1983 (figures for 1975-1982) Gives the number of migrant workers employed (2300 in 1975, 600 by 1982), also the basis for Table 1 on racial composition of the workforce.
Steward (2004a) Author's personal recollection and government insider knowledge (de Klerk's perspective) 1970s-1990 Insider testimony on the motives and perceptions of the National Party government.
Steward (2004a) Foreign bank short-term debt figures and 1985-86 debt standstill/repayment agreement 1985-1986 Used to argue that the banking crisis was market-driven rather than a result of government-imposed sanctions.
Stott (2008) Author's interviews and personal communications (Baxter 2005, Lilford 2005, Graulich 2005, Ramos 2004, Mather 2005, Webb 2008) 2004-2008 Industry and academic informants supply views on costs, technology, management change, investment and the transformation of the industry.
Taylor (1978) Personal communication with Supang Boleie, Molepolole c.1976/77 Source for the description of the trader/runner recruiting chain in Kwena Reserve in the late 1920s and 1930s.
Taylor (1990) Personal communication, General Manager, TEBA Botswana not stated Supports the claim that TEBA head office preferentially allocated orders to Francistown to justify keeping that office open.
The Liberation Struggle in South... (n.d.) Unattributed US investment and capital-flow figures, 1982-1985 1982-1985 Quantifies US disinvestment and 1984 capital outflow in the 1985 entry.
Tilly (2005) Interviews with Moses Mayekiso trial defendants, and with Ashwell Zwane and his attorneys 1980s-1990s (not specified) Supplies participants' accounts of the uprising, the people's courts, and biographical sketches used for the generational argument.
Todes and Watson (1984) Personal communication, Dr Bikitsha, Transkei Minister of Health c.1983-84 Supports claim of housing restriction and overcrowding in Transkei towns.
Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Reparation and Rehab... (1998) Statistics on foreign loans to Eskom by lender country, 1950-1980 (unnamed compilation) 1950-1980 Quantifies the foreign financing of Eskom, at least US$7.5bn, by lender country.
Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Reparation and Rehab... (1998) Sworn evidence to the Commission on Eskom's armoury and attempted sale to Inkatha late apartheid years Supports the claim that senior Eskom staff tried to make arms available to Inkatha with police knowledge.
Van Vuuren (2006) Author's in-depth interviews (20+ individuals: TRC researchers, journalists, activists, politicians, business people, security personnel) 2004-2005 Provides testimony on corruption episodes (Terreblanche, Welz, van Zyl Slabbert, Sparks, Breytenbach, Thirion, Louw, Pauw, Gould, Thomashausen), often single-source.
Vink et al. (2012) FSP Evaluation Workshop 1993 and DBSA interim evaluation surveys/focus groups (1989) 1989-1993 Quotes from an implementation practitioner and farmer views used to illustrate FSP's non-material achievements.
Wagner et al. (1984) Opinions gathered for the Washington, D.C. Retirement Board from professional investment managers c. 1983 Shows professional managers think divestment would reduce performance, hamper diversification and impair quality.
White (1990) Interviews with W.A. Kleynhans, Sir de Villiers Graaff and L. Kane Berman not stated Informs claims about the General Secretary's effectiveness, the UP's conservative wing and Torch Commando leadership.
Wilkins and Strydom (1978) Anonymous informant and other current and former members and non-members 1977-1978 Provided documents and guidance and confirmed claims about SABC and other infiltration.
Wotshela (2004) Interviews with relocatees, chiefs, a magistrate and a planner (Qetuka, Ngqendesha, Bunjwa, Malefana, Hinana, Ndumela/Mgebisa/Mabilietsa, Bukuva; Godden interview by W. Beinart), 1994-1999 1994-1999 Supplies testimony on self-initiated relocation, flexible chief registration and tribal allocation, and the planning process.
Zuberi et al. (2005) Interview with Wole Adegboyega, UNFPA census adviser (Dec 8, 1995) 1995 Source for the rationale for relabelling the African category in the 1996 census.